Miscellaneous: Frailty & Falls

Frailty

• Definition: Age-Related Syndrome of Physiologic Decline
• Increases Vulnerability & Risk for Health-Related Complications
• Phenotypic/Syndromic Factors:
  • Unintentional Weight Loss
  • Weakness
  • Exhaustion/Fatigue
  • Slowed Gait
  • Low Activity Levels
• Assistance with Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Alone is Not a Factor of Frailty

Timed “Up & Go” (TUG) Test

• Good Evaluation of Mobility
• Test:
  • Stands from Chair
  • Walks 10-Feet Away
  • Turns Around
  • Walks Back
  • Sits Down
• Time ≥ 12 Seconds Indicate an Increased Risk for Falls

Risk Factors for Falls

• History of Falls – Strongest Risk Factor
• Muscle Weakness
• Gait & Balance Problems
• Poor Vision
• Fear of Falling
• Chronic Comorbidities (Arthritis, Stroke, Diabetes, etc.)
• Extrinsic Factors:
  • Lack of Stair Handrails
  • Poor Stair Design
  • Lack of Bathroom Grab Bars
  • Dim Lighting
  • Obstacles or Tripping Hazards
  • Slippery or Uneven Surfaces
  • Psychoactive Medications
  • Improper Use of Assistive Devices
• *Age Itself is Not a Risk Factor